Art and About
The father of classical music: "Encyclopedia Bach-tanica" hits H-Town withGoldberg Variations
Getting to know Johann Sebastian Bach's Goldberg Variations is like having a profound yet chummy rendezvous with the baroque composer from beyond the grave. He may be long departed (he died in 1750) but his persona will perpetually be revered as one of the triumvirate that phrased the journey of Western classical music, along with Beethoven and Brahms — colloquially referred to as the "Three Bs" by 19th-century German conductor and pianist Hans von Bülow and known as classical music's Holy Trinity.
Bach, the Father, Beethoven, the Son, and Brahms, the Holy Ghost.
And Bach is treated as such by musicians, music pedagogues and musicologists.
It would be impossible to name one work that embodies the composer's spirit. Having to toggle between his glorious Cello Suites, the prodigious Violin Partitas, the ominous Mass in B Minor, the inventiveWell-Tempered Clavier, Brandenburg Concerti or the Musical Offering is just sinfully wrong.
But it could be argued that Goldberg Variations — written towards the end of Bach's life and made popular by Canadian pianist Glenn Gould— amalgamates everything Bach learned during his career in a keyboard composition that has become the prime example of the theme and variations genre. It is speculated, though some scholars disagree, that the masterpiece received its name from Johann Gottlieb Goldberg, a harpsichordist and a younger contemporary of Bach's who also may have been the first musician to play the piece.
If you feel slightly relaxed, chilled out, perhaps even somnolent while listening, it's because Goldberg Variations was designed to have that effect.
Count Kaiserling, Russian ambassador to the electoral court of Saxony, had trouble reaching a state of slumber and commissioned Bach to craft something to help him fall asleep. The end result was an aria and a set of 30 variations — grouped as 10 sets of three, consisting of a court dance, a virtuosic toccata and a canon — filled with mathematically complex musical feats that dumbfound students of counterpoint.
We would most likely cry musical blasphemy at the attempt to even consider transcribing a piece like Goldberg Variations for other instruments. But it was customary in the aesthetic of the baroque to substitute colors at the whim of the performers. Often, compositions would not specify instrumentation, as was the case with Bach's Art of the Fugue and Musical Offering. A continuo line in any trio sonata could be played by any number of instruments, as well.
In that spirit, Mercury Baroque is performing the variations in an arrangement by Bernard Labadie (music director of the famed Québécois group, Les Violons du Roy) for baroque string orchestra. Titled "Encyclopedia Bach-tanica," the ensemble's 2011-12 kick-off concert is set for 8 p.m. Saturday at Wortham Theater Center.
So off we went to meet with Mercury Baroque's conductor and viola da gambist, Antoine Plante, and his sidekick, concertmaster and baroque violinist Jonathan Godfrey. Video camera and microphone in-hand, we captured their thoughts and sounds.